Abstracts for Volume 6 of Peace and Development in 2017

Probing into the "Chinese Solution" for the Transformation of Global Governance

By ShenYamei, Deputy Director and Associate Research Fellow of Department for American Studies, China Institute of International Studies. With the deepening of globalization and multi-polarization, the pattern of global governance has undergone profound changes. The "Chinese Solution" has emerged as the times require, which is expected to lead the transformation of global governance, innovate and perfect the international order, promote the integration of Eastern and Western civilizations, and send signals to the world that China is confident in facing global challenges. Over the past five years, China has contributed both wisdoms and strength to constructing the theoretical system for global governance, supplementing and perfecting global governance mechanism, reforming relevant governance rules and raising the discourse power for the developing countries, which have effectively push the global governance system in the direction of becoming more fair and reasonable; while China will be confronted in the future with challenges in leading the world out of the low growth dilemma, breaking off the inertia of geopolitical game by major powers, and promoting the ideological competition between the East and West toward integration. In sum, as leading the deep transformation of the global governance system concerns not only the foundation of the international order, but also China's realization of the Two Centenary Goals of struggle and the great dream of Chinese rejuvenation, China has every reason to play a bigger role in doing so.

A Retrospect of the Korean Peninsula Situation in 2017

By Yang Xilian, Senior Advisorfrom China Institute for InternationalStrategic Studies. The strategic bottom lines of the countries concerned on the Korean Peninsula have collided with each other, making the situation sensitive, severe and complicated. The nuclear and missile development of North Korea has made substantial progress, resulting in the UN Security Council passing three resolutions to impose sanctions on North Korea, which has intensified the confrontation of North Korea against the UN. The threatening against each other between the US and North Korea is escalating, with them locked in a tit for tat contest. In the wake of THAAD deployment in South Korea, the strategic confrontation between the US and South Korea on the one hand and China and Russia on the other has become pronounced. Although the situation on the Korean Peninsula is on the brink of war, it is not out of control yet. The North Korea's nuclear issue is at a critical junction, with countries concerned making efforts to seek resolution to break the deadlock of the nuclear crisis on the Korean Peninsula.

The Transformation of American Political Culture and the Cross-Strait Relationship

By Dr. Pan Yaling, Associate Professor from Center for American Studies, Fudan University. The election of Trump as the US president has marked the beginning of the transformation of the US contemporary political culture. The basic dynamic of this transformation has rooted in the decline of American hegemony, institutional rigidification and evolution of concepts, which have boosted the extreme development of its political values and behaviors, and strengthened the suspicion of American political institutions. The transformation of American political culture will likely exert great impacts on its diplomatic strategy, as it is seen in three aspects: realistic management of hegemonic decline, idealistic reconstruction of hegemony and adventurist management of the rising China. In this adjustment of diplomatic strategy, Taiwan could be a "well-leveraged"jetton of great importance for the US because of its unique position.Although the "One China" policy is the major foundation for Sino-US relationship, the extremist elements emerging from the transformation of American political culture cannot be underestimated. China should have more comprehensive, macro and farsighted strategic preparedness to cope with the potential impact on the cross-strait relationship brought about by the transformation of American political culture and adjustment of the US diplomatic strategy.

The Deep-rooted Motivation of Trump's "America First" Policy and Its Impact on China

By Zhang Kunpeng, Doctoral Student from School of International Relations, Renmin University of China. Trump"America First" is the manifested policy objective of the new US administration, whose nature is a major re-ordering of domestic interests in a simple but profound way, rather than returning to "isolationism"or turning to "nationalism", reflecting the deep qualitative change of the US internal and external situation, especially American social division brought about by "political correctness"and stratum solidification behind it. The "America First"policy of the new US government will exert profound impacts on American policy in economy, trade, security, politics and culture toward China. In consideration of the future China-US relationship, China should not only persist in the grand strategy that "cooperation is the only correct choice between China and the US", but also be fully aware of the fact that there is still competition and conflict in the China-US relationship. Therefore, we should coordinate the four major dialog mechanisms in a comprehensive way and refine the levels and issues of different areas under them so as to formulate targeted countermeasures.

Changes of Turkey's Internal and External Policies and Their Impacts on the Pattern of theMiddle East

By ZhengDongchao,Associate Research Fellow from China Center for Contemporary World Studies. In recent years, Turkey is undergoing a period of internal and external policy transition. In domestic politics, the president has been much empowered through a referendum on constitution revision to change political system form the parliamentary system to the presidential system. The Turkish government has purged the political aliens represented by the "Gulen Movement"by making use of the "July 15^th"abortive military coup, ending in the political discourse power of the military much weakened and the trend of centralizing state power becoming more outstanding. Meanwhile, Turkey's foreign policy is also undergoing a period of adjustment to pursue a multidimensional foreign policy and activism in regional affairs, with its traditional pro-West policy weakening and its policy of "Looking East"strengthened. As a major power in the Middle East, changes of Turkey's internal and external policies have important impacts on the Middle East in transition, adding uncertainties to the re-shaping of the regional pattern of the Middle East.

The New Features of Turkey's Foreign Policy and Its Impact on China's "Belt and Road" Initiative

By Li Yunpeng, Doctoral Student of PLA University of Foreign Language. After the drastic changes in the Arab world, Turkey has got deeply involved in the new round of geopolitical game in the Middle East with the Syrian issue at the core. Along with the development of the Syrian issue, rash diplomatic policies have kept Turkey busy struggling with unexpected issues and made Turkey pay dearly, as a series of internal and external issues such as the Kurds, refugees, counter terrorism have come up one after another and interacted in concert. Meanwhile, Turkey's relations with the US and the EU have worsened in the past two years. Given this, in the era of the "post Syrian Crisis", Turkey will begin drastic foreignpolicy adjustment and has revealed the tendency of "looking East". Turkey has improved relations with Russia and been very keen on China and the Asia-Pacific region. In history, both China and Turkey were important countries on the ancient Silk Road, while they are now emerging economies. The "Belt and Road"initiative has brought China closer to Central Asia and Europe economically, and offered Turkey good opportunities to give full play to its geostrategic advantages, resulting in the China-Turkey cooperation extending from economic level to political and security levels.

The National Sustainable Development Strategies of the EU Countries: Latitude Evaluation and Policy Revelation

By Fang Lexian, Professor from Center for Europe/EU Studies, Renmin University of China and Guest Research Fellow of CPDS; Wu Xuerui, Graduate Student from School of International Relations, Renmin University of China; and Zhang Yue, Associate Professor from College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University. Since the recognition of the sustainable development concept by the international community in the late 1980s, the developed countries have taken the lead in working out their respective national sustainable development strategies (NSDS). Based on observing and studying the horizontal and vertical policy coordination, the evaluation process, the supervision and assessment indexes, and the participation mechanism of the EU member states, this paper is intended to systematically understand the status quo and connotation characteristics of the sustainable development strategies promoted by the EU at the level of its member states and analyze the existing shortcomings, based on which to reflect on the revelation of the experiences of the EU countries to the developing countries represented by China.

The Strategic Fulcrum of the "Silk Road on Ice"

By Xiao Yang, Associate Professor from School of International Relations and Director of Center for Arctic Studies, Beijing International Studies University and Guest Research Fellow of CPDS. The "Silk Road on the Ice"is a comprehensive and multidimensional intercontinental cooperation framework not only for Euro-Asia, but also for Asia-America. Moreover, this emerging major strategic concept against the background of Arctic warming is distinctly characterized with geopolitical space, which should necessarily rest on a strategic pivot. The implementation of the "Silk Road on the Ice"strategy is not only a natural demand of intercontinental economic complement, but also a re-layout of strategic resources projection by the major powers. Greenland, as an important strategic hub between the Atlantic and the Arctic Ocean, is the only fulcrum area on the Arctic sea routes between Asia and Europe as well as Europe and America, with great economic development potentials, which is a strategic pivot in true sense and has caught the attention of the decision makers of various countries. Nevertheless, the independence tendency of Greenland will be the biggest variable in the evolution of the Arctic geopolitical and economic pattern. The Greenland government has chosen the path of "gradual independence", which is not only a compromise to the facts of its vast land with a sparse population and economic backwardness, but also a psychological adjustment process for the Danish citizens to become Greenland citizens.